Nobel Peace Prize – Time Rewind

On This Day April 8

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On This Day March 14

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Celebrity Birthdays

1879 – Physicist Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity (d. 1955)

1933 – Oscar-winning actor Sir Michael Caine (“Deathtrap,” “Educating Rita,” “Hannah and Her Sisters,” “Dirty Rotten Scoundrels,” “The Cider House Rules,” the “Dark Knight” trilogy, “Inception,” “Interstellar”)

1933 – Grammy-winning composer-producer and Rock and Roll Hall of Famer Quincy Jones

1948 – Emmy and Tony-winning comedian-actor Billy Crystal (“The Princess Bride,” “When Harry Met Sally…,” “City Slickers,” “Analyze This,” “Monsters, Inc.”)

1988 – NBA superstar and 2015/2016 MVP Stephen Curry of the Golden State Warriors

1997 – Olympic gold medal gymnast Simone Biles, the most decorated American gymnast in history; also the first American woman to win seven national all-around titles and first female gymnast to earn three consecutive World All-Around titles.

History Highlights

1879 – Albert Einstein, the physicist best known for his theory of relativity and who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1921, is born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany.

1950 – The FBI introduces the “Ten Most-Wanted Fugitives” list to help track down dangerous criminals who are at large. The first person placed on the list is Thomas James Holden, wanted for the murder of his wife, her brother and her stepbrother.

1964 – A Dallas jury finds Jack Ruby guilty of murder in the death of JFK assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. Ruby is sentenced to death.

1990 – Running unopposed, Mikhail Gorbachev is elected president of the Soviet Union. While the election was a victory, it also revealed serious weaknesses in Gorbachev’s power base that eventually lead to the collapse of his presidency in December 1991.

1991 – British authorities release the so-called “Birmingham Six” — six Irish men who had been sent to prison 16 years earlier for the 1974 terrorist bombings of two Birmingham, England pubs.

Musical Milestones

1958 – The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) awards its first official Gold Record to Perry Como for his last No. 1 single — the smash “Catch A Falling Star.”

1964 – The Beatles begin their seventh and final week as Billboard Hot 100 chart-toppers with “I Want to Hold Your Hand.” The following week, the Fab Four are back at No. 1 with “She Loves You.”

1970 – Simon & Garfunkel are in the midst of a six-week domination of the singles chart with “Bridge Over Troubled Water.”

1981 – Dolly Parton takes the theme song from the movie “9 to 5” to the top of the singles chart for a second time. The track spent a week at No. 1 beginning on February 21.

1983 – Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Alec John Such form the rock band Bon Jovi in Sayreville, New Jersey.

1987 – “Jacob’s Ladder,” by Huey Lewis and the News, is the No. 1 single. It’s among five Top 10 singles to come off the band’s “Fore!” album.

1998 – Will Smith kicks off a three-week run atop the singles chart with “Gettin’ Jiggy Wit It.” The song is based around a sample of “He’s the Greatest Dancer” by Sister Sledge.

On This Day January 14

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Celebrity Birthdays

1875 – Physician/humanitarian Albert Schweitzer, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1952 for his “Reverence for Life” philosophy (d. 1965)

1919 – Radio-TV writer and “60 Minutes” commentator Andy Rooney (d. 2011)

1938 – Grammy-winning pop singer Jack Jones (“The Love Boat” theme)

1941 – Academy Award-winning actress Faye Dunaway (“Bonnie and Clyde,” “Chinatown,” “Network”)

1963 – Director Steven Soderbergh (“Sex, Lies, and Videotape,” “Erin Brockovich,” “Traffic,” “Ocean’s 11”)

1967 – Actress Emily Watson (“Breaking the Waves,” “War Horse”)

1968 – Hip-hop star and actor LL Cool J, born James Todd Smith

1969 – Actor Jason Bateman (“Arrested Development,” “Juno,” “Horrible Bosses,” “Up in the Air,” “Identity Thief,” “Zootopia”)

History Highlights

1784 – The Continental Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris, formally ending the Revolutionary War with Great Britain and establishing the United States of America as a free sovereign nation.

1943 – Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to travel on official business by airplane. Crossing the Atlantic aboard a Boeing 314 flying boat named the Dixie Clipper, Roosevelt heads to a World War II strategy meeting with European leaders Winston Churchill and Charles DeGaulle at Casablanca in North Africa.

1952 – NBC’s long-running morning news program, “Today,” premieres with host Dave Garroway, who calls it “a new kind of television.”

1954 – America’s “power couple”—baseball legend Joe DiMaggio and screen sensation Marilyn Monroe—tie the knot. However, the marriage ends nine months later.

1957 – Oscar-winning actor Humphrey Bogart, best known for his roles in such film classics as “Casablanca,” “The African Queen” and “The Maltese Falcon,” dies of esophageal cancer at the age of 57.

1972 – Another NBC-TV premiere: the sitcom “Sanford and Son,” starring comedian Redd Foxx. The show runs for five seasons.

1978 – “De plane! De plane!” “Fantasy Island,” starring Ricardo Montalban as Mr. Rourke, premieres on ABC.

2006 – Academy Award-winning actress Shelley Winters (“The Diary of Anne Frank,” “A Patch of Blue,” “The Poseidon Adventure”) dies of heart failure at the age of 85.

Musical Milestones

1967 – The Monkees cling to the top of the Billboard singles chart with “I’m a Believer, which first reached No. 1 the week of December 31, 1966 and remains there for seven weeks.

1970 – Diana Ross makes her final appearance with The Supremes at the Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas. During the show, Diana introduces her replacement, Jean Terrell, who goes on to lead the group to seven more Top 40 hits.

1978 – Fleetwood Mac’s “Rumours” — which contains the hits “Dreams,” “Don’t Stop” and “Go Your Own Way,” among other now-classic tracks — enters its 31st and final week on top of the U.S. album chart. It goes on to capture a Grammy for Album of the Year.

1978 – One-hit-wonder Player starts a three-week run at No. 1 on the singles chart with “Baby Come Back.”

1984 – The Paul McCartney-Michael Jackson duet, ” Say, Say, Say,” begins its sixth and final week on top of the Billboard Hot 100.

1989 – The hottest single on the radio is “My Prerogative” by Bobby Brown.

1995 – “On Bended Knee” by Boyz II Men is in the midst of a six-week ride at No. 1 on the Billboard singles chart.

2006 – Atlanta-based hip hop group D4L has the No. 1 single with “Laffy Taffy.”

On This Day October 27

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Celebrity Birthdays

1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, 26th president of the United States (d. 1919)

1914 – Welsh poet Dylan Thomas, whose works include the poems “Do not go gentle into that good night,” “And death shall have no dominion”, the “Play for Voices” and “Under Milk Wood” (d. 1953)

1922 – Emmy and Grammy-winning actress and playwright Ruby Dee (“A Raisin in the Sun,” “Do The Right Thing,” “The Stand,” “American Gangster”)(d. 2014)

1939 – Actor-comedian, author and Monty Python founder John Cleese (“Monty Python’s Flying Circus,” “Fawlty Towers,” “A Fish Called Wanda,” “Harry Potter,” “Shrek”)

1942 – Country singer Lee Greenwood, best known for his song “God Bless the USA,” which gained popularity following the September 11, 2001 attacks

1952 – Actor-director Roberto Benigni, best known for his Oscar-winning 1997 film “Life Is Beautiful”

1958 – Musician Simon Le Bon, lead singer of the Grammy-winning band Duran Duran (“Girls on Film,” “Hungry Like the Wolf,” “Save a Prayer,” “Rio,” “The Reflex,” “A View to a Kill,” “Ordinary World”)

1984 – Actress, singer and fashion designer Kelly Osbourne, who rose to fame on the reality show about her family, “The Osbournes”

History Highlights

1904 – America’s first rapid transit system begins operating when the New York City subway opens to the public. More than 100,000 people pay a nickel to take their first ride aboard the Interborough Rapid Transit (I.R.T.) under Manhattan.

1954 – “Disneyland,” Walt Disney’s first TV series, premieres on ABC. It airs for 34 seasons, in later years under different names, including “Walt Disney Presents” and “The Wonderful World of Disney.”

1962 – Thirteen days after an American U-2 spy plane first captures photos of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba aimed at the U.S., a Soviet missile destroys the U.S. Air Force jet during another Cuba flyover. The pilot, Major Rudolf Anderson, Jr., becomes the first casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Anderson’s death is believed to have saved millions of American lives in a potential nuclear attack.

1978 – The Nobel Peace Prize is jointly awarded to Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat in honor of the Camp David Agreement which brought about a negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel.

1986 – The New York Mets become world champions of baseball, as they beat the Boston Red Sox in Game Seven of the World Series, 8-5.

Musical Milestones

1960 – Soul and R&B sensation Ben E. King records “Spanish Harlem” and “Stand by Me,” launching his successful solo career after leaving The Drifters.

1973 – Gladys Knight & the Pips have their first No. 1 single with “Midnight Train To Georgia,” which stays on top of the pop chart for two weeks and goes on to capture a Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group or Chorus.

1975 – Bruce Springsteen’s early career gets a shot in the arm as he lands on the covers of two national news magazines on the same day — Newsweek and Time.

1982 – Prince releases his breakthrough double-album “1999,” which contains the hits “1999” and “Little Red Corvette.” The album peaks at No. 9 a few months later, but climbs to No. 7 on the Billboard album chart following Prince’s death in 2016.

1984 – “I Just Called to Say I Love You,” by Stevie Wonder, marks its third and final week as a No. 1 single.

1990 – Janet Jackson rules the Billboard Hot 100 for a week with “Black Cat,” off her “Rhythm Nation 1814” album.

2001 – “I’m Real (Murder Remix),” by Jennifer Lopez featuring Ja Rule, is in its second and final week as a No. 1 single.

2006 – Amy Winehouse releases her second and final studio album, “Back to Black,” which spawns five singles, including “Rehab” and “You Know I’m No Good.” It goes on to capture Album of the Year honors at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards.

On This Day October 16

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Celebrity Birthdays

1925 – Oscar, Emmy, Tony and Grammy-winning actress Angela Lansbury, best known for playing sleuth Jessica Fletcher in the popular CBS mystery series “Murder, She Wrote” (d. 2022)

1946 – Actress Suzanne Somers, best known for her role in the TV sitcom “Three’s Company”

1958 – Oscar-winning actor-director-activist Tim Robbins (“Bull Durham,” “The Player,” “Shortcuts,” “The Shawshank Redemption,” “The Hudsucker proxy,” “Dead Man Walking,” “Mystic River,” “Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy”)

1962 – Musician Flea, born Michael Balzary, bassist for the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers

1975 – Actress Kellie Martin (“Life Goes On,” “ER”)

1977 – Grammy-winning singer-songwriter John Mayer (“Your Body Is a Wonderland,” “Daughters”)

History Highlights

1934 – Embattled Chinese Communists break through Nationalist enemy lines and begin a year-long, 6,000-mile pilgrimage north from their encircled headquarters in southwest China in what comes to be called The Long March.

1964 – A new contender joins the nuclear arms race as the People’s Republic of China successfully tests an atomic bomb.

1967 – With the Vietnam War raging, folk singer Joan Baez is among more than 100 draft protesters arrested in Oakland, California.

1973 – Henry Kissinger, then U.S. Secretary of State, and North Vietnamese diplomat Le Duc Tho are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating the Paris peace accords. Kissinger accepts, but Tho declines the award.

1987 – Millions of TV viewers around the world watch live news coverage as 18-month-old Jessica McClure (“Baby Jessica”) is rescued from an abandoned well in Midland, Texas, where she was trapped for 58 terrifying hours.

1991 – One of the deadliest shootings in U.S. history begins when George Hennard drives his truck into a Luby’s Cafeteria in Killeen, Texas, and opens fire on the lunch crowd. He kills 23 people and injures more than 20 others before turning the gun on himself.

Musical Milestones

1965 – “Yesterday” plants The Beatles in the middle of a four-week ride atop the Billboard singles chart.

1966 – Grace Slick joins the San Francisco-based rock band Jefferson Airplane (which later becomes Jefferson Starship and then Starship), contributing her unique vocal talents to songs like “Somebody to Love” and “White Rabbit.”

1971 – Rod Stewart is midway through a five-week domination of the Billboard Hot 100 with “Maggie May,” off his “Every Picture Tells a Story” album.

1976 – Rick Dees, who would go on to become one of the nation’s most popular DJs, quacks his way to the top of the singles chart with “Disco Duck.”

1982 – “Jack & Diane,” by John Cougar Mellencamp, is in the midst of a four-week run on top of the Billboard Hot 100.

1993 – Mariah Carey rules the pop chart with “Dreamlover,” which holds the top spot for eight weeks.

1999 – “Heartbreaker,” by Mariah Carey featuring Jay-Z, enters its second and final week as a Billboard singles chart-topper.

2004 – Goodies,” by Ciara featuring Petey Pablo, enters its sixth week at No. 1 on the pop chart.

On This Day October 15

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Celebrity Birthdays

1924 – Former Chrysler Corp. Chairman and Ford Motor Co. President Lee Iacocca (d. 2019)

1937 – Actress-singer Linda Lavin (“Alice”)

1943 – Actress-director Penny Marshall (“Laverne & Shirley,” “Big,” “Awakenings,” “A League of Their Own,” “Riding in Cars With Boys”) (d. 2018)

1946 – Singer-songwriter Richard Carpenter of the 1970s sibling pop duo, the Carpenters

1959 – Sarah Ferguson (“Fergie”), Duchess of York

1959 – TV chef-restaurateur Emeril Lagasse

History Highlights

1863 – The H.L. Hunley, the world’s first successful combat submarine, sinks during a test run, killing its inventor and seven crew members. The vessel is recovered, and four months later, becomes the first submarine to destroy a ship (USS Housatonic) in battle.

1915 – Exotic dancer and spy Mata Hari is executed by a French firing squad after it was discovered that she also worked for the Germans.

1951 – Television’s first, long-running, sitcom hit, “I Love Lucy,” debuts, starring comedian Lucille Ball and her real-life husband, Desi Arnaz. The half-hour show runs for six seasons on CBS, becoming one of the most beloved and enduring TV comedies of all time.

1966 – With the stroke of his pen, President Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) creates the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).

1989 – During a game against his old team, the Edmonton Oilers, Canadian ice hockey legend Wayne Gretzky breaks Gordie Howe’s National Hockey League career scoring record of 1,850 points.

1990 – Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end Cold War tensions with the United States.

1991 – After a bitter confirmation hearing, the U.S. Senate votes 52 to 48 to confirm Clarence Thomas as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

Musical Milestones

1930 – Legendary composer and bandleader Duke Ellington (a.k.a. “The Duke”) records his first big hit, “Mood Indigo.” Ellington explained that he wrote the the track, originally titled “Dreamy Blues,” in 15 minutes while waiting for his mother to finish cooking dinner.

1964 – Composer Cole Porter, whose musical notes fill much of the Great American Songbook, dies at the age of 73.

1966 – The Four Tops hit No.1 on the singles chart with “Reach Out And I’ll Be There.”

1973 – Ten years after her death, Patsy Cline (“Walkin’ After Midnight,” “I Fall to Pieces,” “Crazy,” “Sweet Dreams”) becomes the first female solo performer to be inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.

1977 – Debby Boone begins 10 weeks on top of the Billboard Hot 100 with “You Light Up My Life.”

1983 – “Total Eclipse of the Heart,” by Bonnie Tyler, is in the middle of four weeks as a Billboard chart-topper.

1988 – UB40’s version of the Neil Diamond song “Red, Red Wine” spends a week on top of the Billboard Hot 100.

1994 – Boyz II Men are in the midst of a 14-week ride atop the pop chart with “I’ll Make Love to You.”

2006 – CBGB, the iconic New York City nightclub considered the birthplace of the punk rock movement, closes its doors after 33 years of business. The club, nestled in Manhattan’s East Village, helped launch the careers of such pioneering artists as the Ramones, Blondie, Talking Heads, Patti Smith Group and Joan Jett.

On This Day October 14

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Celebrity Birthdays

1927 – Actor Sir Roger Moore, who played Simon Templar in the 1960s spy series “The Saint” and secret agent James Bond in seven movies between 1973 and 1985 (d. 2017)

1939 – Fashion designer Ralph Lauren

1940 – Singer Cliff Richard ( “Devil Woman,” “We Don’t Talk Anymore”)

1946 – Singer-songwriter and guitarist Justin Hayward of the rock band The Moody Blues (“Nights in White Satin,” “Tuesday Afternoon,” “Question”)

1958 – Synth-pop musician-producer Thomas Dolby, best known for his 1980s hits “She Blinded Me With Science” and “Hyperactive!”

1978 – Grammy-winning R&B singer-songwriter and actor Usher, born Usher Terry Raymond IV (“Nice & Slow,” “You Make Me Wanna…,” “My Way,” “Yeah!”, “There Goes My Baby,” “Climax”)

History Highlights

1947 – U.S. Air Force pilot Chuck Yeager ushers in the era of supersonic flight when he breaks the sound barrier in his Bell X-1 experimental plane, which he named “Glamorous Glennis,” in tribute to his wife.

1962 – The Cuban Missile Crisis begins as an American U-2 spy plane snaps aerial photos showing the installation of Soviet-made medium-range missiles, capable of carrying nuclear warheads, just 90 miles off the Florida coast in Cuba.

1964 – Civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. becomes the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice in America. The 35-year-old King donates the entire $54,000 prize money to furthering civil rights causes.

1964 – Nikita Khrushchev is ousted as both premier of the Soviet Union and chief of the Communist Party after 10 years in power. He is succeeded by his former protégé, Leonid Brezhnev.

1987 – While playing in her aunt’s back yard in Midland, Texas, 18-month-old Jessica McClure (“Baby Jessica”) slips and falls into an abandoned well. Millions of people around the world are riveted to news coverage of her rescue over the next 58 hours.

1994 – “Pulp Fiction,” a crime drama starring John Travolta, Uma Thurman and Samuel L. Jackson, and directed by Quentin Tarantino, opens in theaters and becomes a cult classic.

Musical Milestones

1957 – The Everly Brothers have their first No. 1 single with “Wake Up Little Susie.” The song also spends seven weeks on top of the Billboard country chart.

1967 – The Box Tops enter their fourth and final week as chart-toppers with “The Letter.”

1968 – The Jackson 5 make their national television debut when they appear on ABC’s “Hollywood Palace,” performing with Diana Ross and Sammy Davis, Jr.

1972 – Michael Jackson’s first solo single, “Ben,” reaches the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song, used for the closing credits of the horror film, “Ben,” goes on to capture a Best Song Golden Globe Award.

1978 – Exile is in the middle of four weeks atop the singles chart with “Kiss You All Over.”

1989 – The Grammy-nominated “Miss You Much,” by Janet Jackson, tops the Billboard Hot 100.

1990 – Internationally renowned Grammy and Tony-winning composer-conductor Leonard Bernstein (“On The Waterfront,” “Candide,” “West Side Story”) dies in New York at the age of 72.

1995 – Mariah Carey is in the middle of an eight-week domination of the U.S. pop chart with “Fantasy.” The track is the first by a female artist and second overall to debut at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100.

2000 – “Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You),” by Christina Aguilera, begins four weeks on top of the singles chart.

On This Day October 12

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Celebrity Birthdays

1912 – Playwright, novelist and actress Alice Childress (d. 1994)

1932 – Comedian-activist Dick Gregory (d. 2017)

1935 – R&B singer Sam “Soul Man” Moore of the duo Sam & Dave

1935 – Internationally renowned operatic tenor Luciano Pavarotti (d. 2007)

1947 – Journalist-TV anchor Chris Wallace

1962 – Trumpeter-composer Chris Botti

1968 – Actor Hugh Jackman, best known for playing Wolverine in the “X-Men” movie series

1992 – Actor Josh Hutcherson (“Zathura,” “Little Manhattan,” “RV,” “Bridge to Terabithia,” “The Hunger Games”)

History Highlights

1492 – Explorer Christopher Columbus discovers the New World as his fleet comes ashore in what is now known as The Bahamas.

1810 – Bavarian Crown Prince Regent Ludwig, later King Ludwig I of Bavaria, marries Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen. The Bavarian royalty invite residents of Munich to attend the festivities, held on the fields in front of the city gates. This becomes an annual tradition that gives rise to Oktoberfest, which is now celebrated around the world.

1940 – Beloved cowboy actor Tom Mix is killed when he loses control of his 1937 Cord 812 phaeton and crashes near Florence, Arizona.

1960 – Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev creates a spectacle by pounding his shoe on a desk at a United Nations General Assembly meeting to protest the comments of a Philippines delegate.

1964 – Three Soviet cosmonauts blast off aboard the Voshkod-1 spacecraft and orbit Earth, becoming the first multi-person crew in space and the first to fly without spacesuits.

2000 – Two suicide bombers associated with the al-Qaeda terrorist network ram their motorboat full of explosives into the side of the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Cole off Yemen. The attack kills 17 crew members, injures 39 others and leaves a gaping hole in the ship’s hull.

2007 – Former U.S. Vice President Al Gore and the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to increase public knowledge about man-made climate change.

Musical Milestones

1955 – Chrysler introduces the first car phonograph — the Highway Hi-Fi — which sits below the dashboard and plays 16 rpm records for up to 45 minutes. Despite claims that records would never skip while driving, they did and Chrysler dropped the $200 option two years later.

1963 – “Sugar Shack” by Jimmy Gilmer and the Fireballs is the No. 1 single and remains there for five weeks.

1971 – Rockabilly pioneer Gene Vincent — the talent behind the 1956 smash “Be-Bop-a-Lula” and who appeared in the movie “The Girl Can’t Help It” with Jayne Mansfield — dies at age 36 of complications from an ulcer.

1974 – Olivia Newton-John wraps up two weeks on top of the pop chart with “I Honestly Love You.”

1979 – Fleetwood Mac release their 12th studio album, “Tusk,” which spawns two Top 10 singles: the title track and “Sara.”

1985 – Ready For The World claims the top spot on the singles chart with “Oh Sheila.”

1991 – “Emotions,” by Mariah Carey, begins three weeks on top of the Billboard Hot 100.

1997 – Country and pop music singer-songwriter and actor John Denver is killed when his experimental plane crashes into the Pacific Ocean. He was 53.

2002 – “A Moment Like This,” by Kelly Clarkson, begins its second and final week as a No. 1 single.

On This Day October 11

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Celebrity Birthdays

1884 – First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (d. 1962)

1925 – Crime novelist Elmore Leonard (“Get Shorty,” “Freaky Deaky,” “Glitz”) (d. 2013)

1946 – Singer-songwriter and Rock and Roll Hall of Famer Daryl Hall of the duo Hall & Oates

1962 – Actress Joan Cusack (“Broadcast News,” “Working Girl,” “Say Anything…,” “In & Out,” “Runaway Bride,” “Toy Story 2,” “Toy Story 3,” “School of Rock”)

1966 – Actor Luke Perry, best known for the 1990s TV series “Beverly Hills, 90210” (d. 2019)

1968 – Stage, film and TV actress Jane Krakowski (“Ally McBeal,” “30 Rock,” “‘Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt,” “Guys and Dolls,” “She Loves Me”)

1969 – Actor Stephen Moyer, best known for playing vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series “True Blood”

1985 – Actress Michelle Trachtenberg (“Harriet the Spy,” “Weeds,” “Buffy the Vampire Slayer”)

History Highlights

1793 – The death toll from a yellow fever outbreak in what was then the U.S. capital, Philadelphia, reaches 100. Two weeks later, a cold front wipes out the city’s mosquito population, reducing the number of casualties to 20 per day. But by that November, more than 5,000 people had died.

1950 – CBS becomes the first television network to secure a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license to broadcast in color.

1968 – The first manned Apollo mission, Apollo 7, blasts off and transmits the first live TV signals from orbit. The crew orbits Earth 163 times during 10 days and 20 hours in space.

1975 – Late-night television turns edgy with the first broadcast of NBC’s “Saturday Night,” later renamed “Saturday Night Live” and known today as “SNL.” Original cast members include Laraine Newman, John Belushi, Jane Curtin, Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, Garrett Morris and Chevy Chase. Comedian George Carlin hosts Episode 1, with musical perfomances by Billy Preston and Janis Ian.

1986 – Following up on their successful November 1985 summit in Geneva, U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavik, Iceland, to continue disarmament talks. While negotiations break down, they pave the way for the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the Superpowers.

2002 – Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter wins the Nobel Peace Prize “for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development.”

Musical Milestones

1962 – The Beatles make their first appearance on the U.K. singles chart with “Love Me Do,” which eventually peaks at No. 17. It performs better across the pond on the Billboard singles chart, where it reaches No. 1 on May 30, 1964.

1969 – The Archies wrap up four weeks as chart-toppers with “Sugar Sugar.”

1971 – John Lennon releases “Imagine,” which becomes an international anthem for peace and love and the most successful single of the former Beatle’s solo career. It peaks at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100. Shortly before his death in 1980, Lennon admitted that much of the song’s content came from his wife, Yoko Ono, and in 2017 she receives a co-writing credit.

1975 – “Bad Blood” by Neil Sedaka, with backup vocals provided by Elton John, begins a three-week run as the No. 1 single.

1975 – “Born to Run” becomes Bruce Springsteen’s first Top 40 hit. The single only climbs as high as No. 23, but propels The Boss’s musical career into the stratosphere.

1986 – Janet Jackson scores her first No. 1 single with “When I Think of You,” off her “Control” album. The track holds the top spot for two weeks.

1997 – Elton John begins 14 weeks on top of the Billboard Hot 100 with his musical tribute to the late Princess Diana, “Candle in the Wind.” The track is an updated version of John’s 1973 recording from the “Goodbye Yellow Brick Road” album, which was a homage to screen siren Marilyn Monroe.

2003 – “Baby Boy,” by Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul, is in the second of nine weeks on top of the Billboard Hot 100.

2008 – T.I. (a.k.a. Tip) is No. 1 on the pop chart with “Whatever You Like.”

On This Day October 5

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Celebrity Birthdays

1905 – Entrepreneur Ray Kroc, best known for turning McDonald’s from a local chain into a profitable restaurant franchise (d.1984)

1943 – Guitarist and singer-songwriter Steve Miller (“The Joker,” “Fly Like an Eagle,” “Jet Airliner,” “Jungle Love,” “Abracadabra”)

1951 – Actress Karen Allen (” National Lampoon’s Animal House,” “Raiders of the Lost Ark,” “Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull”)

1951 – Singer-songwriter and political activist Bob Geldof, formerly frontman for The Boomtown Rats

1967 – Emmy-winning actor Guy Pearce (“L.A. Confidential,” “Memento,” “The King’s Speech,” “Prometheus,” “Iron Man 3”)

1972 – Seven-time NBA All-Star Grant Hill

1975 – Oscar-winning actress Kate Winslet (“Titanic,” “The Reader,” “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind,” “Finding Neverland”)

1983 – Actor Jesse Eisenberg (“The Squid and the Whale,” “Zombieland,” “The Social Network,” “Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice”)

History Highlights

1947 – President Harry Truman delivers the first-ever televised presidential address from the White House, asking Americans to reduce their use of grain in order to help starving Europeans.

1969 – A Cuban defector enters U.S. airspace undetected and lands his Soviet-built MiG-17 fighter jet at Homestead Air Force Base near Miami, where Air Force One is parked.

1970 – Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) takes over operations from National Educational Television (NET), which was established by the Ford Foundation in 1952.

1974 – American David Kunst returns home to Minnesota as the first person to travel the globe on foot. It takes him four years and 21 pairs of shoes to cross four continents, covering a total of 14,500 miles. The achievement enables him to plant his heels in the “Guinness Book of Records.”

1983 – Solidarity leader Lech Walesa wins the Nobel Peace Prize for advancing the cause of Polish workers.

2011 – Steve Jobs, the visionary co-founder of Apple Inc., which revolutionized the computer, music and mobile communications industries with a host of devices, including the Macintosh, iPod, iPhone and iPad, dies of complications from pancreatic cancer at 56.

Musical Milestones

1959 – Bobby Darin’s “Mack the Knife” kicks off six weeks on top of the singles chart.

1962 – The Beatles release their first single, “Love Me Do,” in the U.K., where it reaches No. 17 on the pop chart. It becomes a No. 1 single in the U.S. in May of 1964.

1966 – Musicians Jimi Hendrix, Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding form The Jimi Hendrix Experience.

1973 – Considered one of pop music’s greatest double-albums, Elton John’s “Goodbye Yellow Brick Road” — which contains the hits “Goodbye Yellow Brick Road,” “Bennie and the Jets,” “Saturday Night’s Alright for Fighting” and “Candle in the Wind” — is released. The album spends eight weeks on top of the Billboard 200. In 2003, it is inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

1974 – Olivia Newton-John claims her first No. 1 single with “I Honestly Love You.”

1991 – Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch featuring Loleatta Hollaway top the Billboard Hot 100 with “Good Vibrations.”

1999 – Roger Daltrey announces that The Who are getting back together and will give their first performance in Las Vegas on October 29, 1999 during a show broadcast live on the Internet.

2002 – Kelly Clarkson kicks off two weeks on top of the singles chart with “A Moment Like This.”